Suryagupta

Suryagupta, one of the great Eighty-four Mahasiddas (7th/8th century), had countless visions of glorious Mother Tara. She so cherished the great master — also known as Ravigupta or “Nyi ma be pa” in Tibetan — that she first cured him of leprosy. (As recorded by the Indian scholar Vajrasana of Bodhgaya in the 11th century)

Interestingly, even though Tara instantly cured him of Leprosy, she left one tiny sore on his forehead. When he asked her why, she replied:

   “Formerly you were born as a hunter, killed animals and in the end set fire to a forest. In consequence of this, you were reborn in Hell and this is your last rebirth of the 500 rebirths in Hell, and saying so, she bestowed on him the sadhana, accompanied by a stotra. The Tara said with their help, one may perform any kind of magic rite. I shall grant you miraculous powers (siddhi).”

Famously, She taught him Her mysterious and wrathful forms, with each of the 21 Taras visualized with unique form, symbols and attributes. (There were actually 23 Taras, more on this later.) The later master Atisha Dipamkara (982-1054) transmitted a different visualization tradition — with all of the 21 Taras appearing seated with two arms, with only minor variances in colour and expression.

The intense practice of the 21 Taras according to Surya Gupta required separate visualizations, mantras, sadhanas (practice text) and interpretations — although the actual verses of the 21 Tara’s praise were the same as in the Atisha system. In the Atisha version, there is only the one mantra, sadhana and the images are relatively similar.

Story of Surya Gupta

From the Blue Annals (part 14, chapter 11, pages 672-673) of Go Lotsawa Zhonnu Pal (1392-1481):

“The Cycle of the Tārā transmitted by Ravigupta (nyi ma sbas pa). “It is said that in the country of Kashmira there had been an image of the Ta’u Tārā endowed with miraculous powers (siddhi) in the Temple of rang byung lha lnga, lepers after worshiping the image were cured of their ailment.

About that time the acharya Ravigupta (nyi ma sbas pa), who was learned in the five sciences and especially in the Tantra, was attacked by leprosy (klu’i gnod pa). He built a hut for himself to the west of the vihara, and prayed for three months. Then the {R1051} temple’s gate moved (by itself) westwards, and the Tārā said: What is your wish? and the acharya replied: I wish to be cured of leprosy. In that very moment his entire body, except for a small sore on his forehead, assumed its former appearance. He asked: What was the reason for not curing the sore on the forehead? The Tārā replied Formerly you were born as a hunter, killed animals and in the end set fire to a forest. In consequence of this, you were reborn in Hell and this is your last rebirth of the 500 rebirths in Hell, and saying so, she bestowed on him the sadhana, accompanied by a stotra. The Tara said with their help, one may perform any kind of magic rite. I shall grant you miraculous powers (siddhi).

After that the acharya composed a magic rite which corresponded to the twenty one sādhanas, as well as general rites and their branches. He taught it to Chandragarbha. The latter to Jetari. The latter to Vāgiśhvara (Ngaggi dbang phyug). The latter to Śhraḍhākara. The latter to Tathāgata Rakshita. The latter to Dānaśhila, who bestowed it on Mal gyo lo tsa ba. In the translation by Mal gyo the sādhanas and the magic rites were arranged in separate sections, but in the translation by the Khro phu lo tsa ba the magic rites were added in the end of each of the propitiation rites.

Its Lineage: Tārā, Ānanda (Kun dga’ bo), the arhat Madhyantika (dgra bcom ri ma gun pa), Krrssnnavāsinn (Kṛśṇa’i gos can), the Kashmirian Ravigupta (Kha che nyi ma sbas pa), Rāhulaśrī, Vindaśrī, panchen sakyaśrī(bhadra). The latter bestowed it on khrophu lo tsa ba, bla chen bsod dbang, rin po che pa, tshad ma’i skyes bu and bu rin po che. mal gyo preached it to sa chen. The latter to rtse mo. The latter to the Venerable One (rjebtsun), who composed many text books on the system, and taught it to ‘chims chos seng, the Dharmasvimin ‘jam gsar, rong pa rgwa lo, shes rab seng ge, dpal ldan seng ge, the bla ma dam pa bsod nams rgyal mtshan, the mahāupādhyāya shes rdor pa, chos sgo ba choskyi rgya mtshan, and rgod phrug grags pa ‘byung gnas. I obtained it from the latter.”

The Mahasiddha Surya Gupta and Taras.